Since the low sample size of Asian individuals in the eMERGE study precluded PRS analysis, we sought to evaluate our PRS-CSx-derived trans-ancestry PRS in the Taiwan Biobank (TWB), in which participants were predominantly Han Chinese. Analysis in the three batches of TWB data (batch 1: 1248 cases, 23,862 controls; batch 2: 2806 cases, 51,272 controls; batch 3: 516 cases, 9862 controls; Table 1) produced highly consistent results. The trans-ancestry PRS was strongly associated with self-reported T2D status, with the variance explained on the liability scale ranged from 12.9 to 15.3%, the covariates-adjusted AUC ranged from 0.68 to 0.70, and the OR/SD ranged from 2.01 to 2.19 (Table 4; Additional File 2: Table S5). The tail of the PRS was highly discriminative; individuals in the top decile of the PRS had a more than three-fold increase in T2D risk relative to those outside the top decile, and the OR increased to approximately 4.50 when using top 2% of the PRS to identify high-risk individuals (batch 1: OR = 4.62, P value = 7.47E−31; batch 2: OR = 4.60, P value =
