In sum, our findings are encouraging and support the use of MBT for anxiety and depression in clinical populations. This pattern of results suggests that MBT may not be diagnosis-specific, but, instead, may address processes that occur in multiple disorders by changing a range of emotional and evaluative dimensions that underlie general aspects of wellbeing. Therefore, MBT may have general applicability. At the same time, a number of limitations should be noted. Most importantly, the results of this study are limited to the meta-analytic technique and, therefore, are dependent on the study selection criteria, the quality of the included studies, expectancy effects, and statistical assumptions about the true values of the included studies (Henggeler, Schoenwald, Swenson, & Borduin, 2006; Hofmann & Smits, 2008b; Moses et al., 2002; Rief & Hofmann, 2008). In order to limit any possible biases, we adopted a relatively conservative approach. Following the recommendations by Moses et al. (2002) and Hedges and Vevea (1998), we analyzed the effect sizes using a random effect model and quantified the quality of the included studies using modified Jadad criteria, which
