The results for the cell-type specificity analysis are shown in Figure 1. Although no single cell type dominated, Coloc-prioritized gene expression was overall more prevalent in glial cell types compared with neurons. This finding was consistent across analyses performed with mouse immunopanning data generated from the cortex and with human immunopanning data generated using cortical tissue and using inferred cell-specific gene expression generated using coexpression networks across all brain regions, including the substantia nigra. The WGCNA results are summarized in Figure 1B; NUPL2, TMEM163, and ZRANB3 were the most relevant genes (module membership >0.76) within 3 modules in different brain regions. NUPL2 was a key gene within the dark turquoise module in the nucleus accumbens, the blue module in the caudate, and the sky blue module in the putamen. These modules’ most relevant functions indicated catabolic processes associated with protein ubiquitination (protein ubiquitination [gene ontology (GO): 0016567]; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process [GO: 0006511]). TMEM163 and ZRANB3 were both important in the turquoise module in the frontal cortex and caudate, respectively. This module indicated chemical transmission at the synapse as a major associated function (regulation of signaling [GO: 0023051]; cell communication [GO: 0007154]).
