selection); 5) become increasingly involved in a heavy drinking lifestyle that includes using alcohol to increase positive moods and/or decreases negative moods (affect regulation); 6) experience developmental changes after college, including transitions to adult roles of marriage and parenthood, undergoing decreases in impulsivity/behavioral disinhibition, and exhibiting substantial reductions in heavy alcohol use (developmental). Importantly, this example and the model displayed in Figure 1 do not demonstrate the only ways that personality may relate to problematic alcohol use but rather illustrate the multiple pathways in which personality may influence AUDs across the lifespan. Indeed, none, one, or several of the pathways described above may contribute to the development of an AUD for a given individual and none of these pathways are mutually exclusive. Further, some risk factors may also interact to predict personality and AUDs (e.g., gene-environment interactions; see Integrating Developmental Models of Alcohol, Personality, and Relevant Mediators section below).
