Although it is important to consider these limitations, this study reports several findings to support the initial steps of the proposed mechanistic pathway for both ALDH2 and ADH1B, with low and initial alcohol use showing stronger responses in those with variant alleles. The present study also offers additional insight into why some studies have found a significant association of ADH1B with alcohol symptoms and behaviors whereas other reports have not. By teasing apart these genetic contributions to AUD protection, especially those early in the proposed mechanistic pathway, we may be able to better identify the necessary steps for protecting individuals against the development of alcohol problems.
