2013). Equally, even apparently orthologous genes can play different roles, such as in the case of TDP1, which shows a different subcellular localisation in humans and mice, and mutations in which are linked to the SCAN1 disorder in humans, but lack a clear phenotype in the mouse (Gharib and Robinson-Rechavi 2011). Additionally, there will clearly always be certain differences inherent to a particular species due to their evolutionary adaptation, for instance in cardiac or brain function between human and mouse, making it impossible to study some human-specific phenotypes in animal models.
