lower-frequency activity in substance abusers (e.g., theta and delta activity). Increased theta activity in particular has been observed in individuals with various forms of disinhibitory psychopathology: alcohol dependence (Rangaswamy et al., 2003), heavy marijuana use (Struve et al., 1999), antisocial behavior (Ehlers, Phillips, Gizer, Gilder, & Wilhelmsen, 2010), and ADHD (Barry, Clarke, & Johnstone, 2003). Increases in delta power have been reported in community volunteers who were methamphetamine (Newton et al., 2004) or MDMA users (Herning, Better, Tate, & Cadet, 2005). Reductions in alpha power have also been reported among alcohol-dependent individuals, particularly those with comorbid anxiety disorders (Enoch et al., 1995; Enoch et al., 1999) and antisocial behavior (Ducci et al., 2009).
