Putative SNPs identified after genomic resequencing were annotated according to the Illumina OPA (Oligo Pool All) design criteria, and the files were submitted for assay design (http://illumina.com). Designed SNPs were genotyped in the CEU trios by the Cardiff laboratory using the GoldenGate® Genotyping assay for VeraCode® and analysed using a BeadXpress instrument using VeraScan 1.1 (Ilumina. Inc). BeadStudio V3.2 (Illumina Inc) was used to make genotype calls and compile the data output.