Systematic searches were conducted for studies published since 1990 to identify data sources for the prevalence, incidence, remission and all-cause excess mortality attributable to cannabis use and dependence. Full detail of these searches has been published elsewhere[30-32,39,40].The search strategy adhered to PRISMA guidelines[41] and used the methodology recommended by the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group[42].