We compared de novo mutation rates per base pair in R using a one-sided rate ratio test. Essentially, the rate ratio test compares the number of variants observed between two cohorts while using the number of base pairs assessed as a denominator. Therefore, for this test we utilized the total number of variants observed across each cohort, and the total callable bp assessed across each cohort. We used this general format in R: poisson.text(x,T,alternative="greater")