Lifetime marijuana use was significantly associated with elevated risk for a lifetime history of panic attacks after adjusting for sociodemographic variables (age, marital status, income, education, race, and sex) and the presence of lifetime alcohol or drug (nonmarijuana) abuse/dependence (OR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.4, 1.9], p < .01) as well as nicotine dependence (OR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.3, 1.8], p < .01; see Table 1). An identical pattern of results was evident between a lifetime history of marijuana use in relation to risk for a lifetime history of panic disorder after adjusting for the covariates (see Table 1).
