Chunk #1 — Introduction

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Genetic risk for major depressive disorder and loneliness in sex-specific associations with coronary artery disease.

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Loneliness and depressive symptoms are phenotypically correlated (Pearson correlation of 0.4–0.6) [8, 9], but are believed to represent distinct underlying phenomena. Like MDD, loneliness is a heritable trait [10] and the mechanisms linking loneliness to heart disease are incompletely understood.