to show that risk allele carriers have reduced connectivity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and an increased connectivity between the DLPFC and the hippocampus formation, as well as between the amygdala and other brain regions. Disturbed interactions between different brain regions have previously been described as endophenotypes underlying schizophrenia (e.g. Meyer-Lindenberg et al., 2005; Stephan et al., 2006). This demonstrates that studies that combine genetic data and intermediate phenotype findings have enormous potential for increasing our understanding of the impact of specific functions of the human brain on the development of disease. Besides functional neuroimaging studies, other promising intermediate phenotypes include structural neuroimaging, gene expression in the post-mortem brain, cognitive function and behavioral and physiological measures (for review see Bray, 2008; Gallinat et al., 2008; Prasad and Keshavan, 2008; Dean et al., 2009).
