The present study made use of data from the COGA Prospective Study. We included adolescents (aged 12–17) for whom the following apply: (1) had GWAS data available, (2) completed the adolescent version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism for Children (C-SSAGA; Bucholz et al., 1994; Kuperman et al., 2013) during their baseline and first follow-up (approximately two years after the baseline) assessments, (3) were under age 18 at their first follow-up assessment, (4) were of European or African ancestry, as determined by genetic ancestry principal component analysis, and (5) had genotypic data from at least one biological parent.
