evidence showing links between (i) symptom recovery in ADHD and working memory during later development (Halperin et al., 2008), (ii) dopamine D1 receptors in the prefrontal cortex being critical to working memory (Paspalas & Goldman-Rakic, 2005), and (iii) the prefrontal cortex being one of the last cortical regions to mature during development (Andersen, 2003; Halperin & Schulz, 2006). It was hypothesized that improvements in working memory manipulation during development would be linked with the diminution of ADHD symptoms but that the relationship would vary by genetic background, particularly DRD1 variants given the importance of D1 receptor function on working memory. To our knowledge, no prior studies have examined the prospective and interactive contributions of working memory maintenance and manipulation, DRD1 and DRD2 variants, and development on the stability of symptomatology in ADHD.
