DNA samples with GenCall scores <0.25 at any locus were considered “no calls”. A DNA sample was deemed to have failed if it generated genotypes at <95% of loci. A SNP was deemed to have failed if fewer than 95% of DNA samples generated a genotype at the locus. To ensure quality of genotyping, a series of duplicate samples were genotyped and cases and controls were genotyped in the same batches.