dynorphins in postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dl-PFC) of AUD subjects, thus, supporting the notion that gene body methylation can enhance gene transcription. However, we did not observe a clear-cut relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression at the genome-wide level in postmortem prefrontal cortex (PFC) of 16 male AUD patients and 16 matched male controls.41 The complex DNA methylation-gene expression relationship may be due to at least two mechanisms: (i) the influence of genetic variants on DNA methylation and/or gene expression confounds the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression; and (ii) the gene–gene interaction network that leads to a complex relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression.
