--indep-pairwise 50 5 0.20). After pruning, a set of 231,649 autosomal SNP markers in approximate linkage equilibrium was used to estimate the relationship measures. Pairwise mean IBD was estimated using PLINK (“PI_HAT”). However, PLINK’s estimates of IBD may be biased in stratified (multiethnic) samples (Manichaikul et al., 2010 and Thorton et al., 2012). Therefore, we relied upon the KING package to provide estimates of relationship (Kinship) that are robust to stratification.
