WY14643's effects was verified by giving the PPAR-α antagonist MK886 as a pretreatment in monkeys. MK886 reversed the decreases in nicotine self-administration produced by WY14643, but had no effect on nicotine self-administration when given alone. On the final day of treatment with the most effective dose of WY14643 (40 mg/kg), nicotine intake was decreased by 35% in rats and 76% in monkeys.