of the protective allele. For count phenotypes, results are reported as risk ratios (RRs), indicating the relative increase in the mean phenotype value given the absence of the protective allele (Hasin et al., 2002a). To exclude association due to population substructure, significant associations were re-analyzed adjusting for population structure among the subset of lifetime drinkers for whom AIMS were available (N=1,009), by including the probability of subpopulation membership as continuous control variables in the regression analysis. Last, to determine that positive results were not merely due to correlation with another associated SNP, significant results were reanalyzed, controlling for each of the other SNPs.
