Topographically, males had the ORP peak amplitude located at the central region whereas females had a similar peak in the parietal area (Fig. 7). LORETA also identified interesting gender differences. In the ORN component, males activate anterior areas during loss and posterior areas during gain while females activate both anterior and posterior areas in all conditions. Further, the ORP component distinguished the amount 50 against 10 in males, but not in females. These findings show that males, as compared to females, have better discrimination for the outcomes in terms of valence and amount. Another interesting gender difference in terms of source activity was that during the ORP activity, females had their maximum activity in anterior areas, while males had the highest activity in posterior areas. These gender differences have been explained in terms of differences in the structure and function of the human cerebral cortex [61] or in the neuro-cognitive abilities [62] or cognitive strategy during information processing [63]. Further studies should examine gender differences in gambling paradigms, especially in a SOG paradigm, in order to further confirm and explain
