Chunk #6 — Biosynthesis of DS
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DS-epi1 and DS-epi2 catalyze the formation of IdoA, the stereoisomeric form of GlcA, by repositioning the C5 carboxyl group in space (Fig. 1B). DS-epi1 (coded by the gene DSE) and DS-epi2 (coded by the gene DSEL) are both ubiquitously expressed and have common structural features 15,16.