To test whether the combined model of common and rare variation had clinical utility for obesity risk prediction, we assessed diagnostic efficiency by calculating the area under the (AUC) receiver operator criteria (ROC) curves, which is a plot of the true positive rate (sensitivity) against the false positive rate (1 - specificity). Binary logistic regression was used to calculate predicted probabilities of the models. SPSS Statistics version 19.0 was used for AUC analyses and the StAR software was used to test for statistical differences between ROC curves [47].