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Chunk #1 — Introduction

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Genetic vulnerability and susceptibility to substance dependence.
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affected 76.3 million people globally (World Health Organization, 2004). In the U.S., almost 80,000 people die per year from the consequences of alcohol consumption, which includes alcohol related illnesses and accidents (Mokdad et al., 2004). Our society pays a high price for substance use, primarily through increased health care costs and judicial system expenditures. It is estimated that over 11% of federal and state government budgets ($374 billion in 2005) are spent dealing with the consequences of tobacco, alcohol, and other substance use, abuse, and dependence (The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, 2009).