Conducting ancestry specific and cross-ancestry meta-analyses of the GENOA cohorts (Supplementary Figs. 1–6 and Supplementary Tables 3–5) yielded one GWS association locus on chromosome 4 among EAs (rs28386916-A, beta = 0.17, p = 9.04 × 10–9). The rs28386916 variant was not associated with OA among AAs (beta = − 0.025, p = 0.51) and consequently was no longer significant in the EA + AA meta-analysis. Rs28386916-A is common (EUR MAF = 0.40; AFR MAF = 0.81) and was well imputed (imputation quality > 0.8 across cohorts). However, it is an intronic variant located between (T)_11 and (A)_11 simple repeats within the long noncoding RNA ENST00000659878, which may undermine confidence in this result (Supplementary Fig. 7).
