Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) [74,75] was carried out to identify groups of related genes that were differentially expressed. GSEA analyses were conducted for 4 different comparisons: control vs. ALC, control vs. ALC/NTC, control vs. ALC/NTO, and ALC/NTC vs. ALC/NTO. The top ranked genes in a significant gene set, in the region up to the maximum score, were considered significant. To reduce multiple testing issues, the GSEA in this study was conducted using two gene set databases designed to test the hypotheses that groups of genes related to Early Development or Stem Cells were differentially affected by alcohol.
