For the stem cell proliferation analysis, to examine the effect of EGF, bFGF, or combined EGF/bFGF treatment on proliferation (n = 3), ANOVA was used to compare the number of neurospheres between treatment groups. Significant results from ANOVA were analyzed by Fisher's Protected Least Significant Difference (PLSD) post hoc test for all pairwise comparisons. Unpaired Student's t-tests were used to compare the percent total TrpV1-immunostained cells between controls (n = 33) and NGF-treated (n = 35) cultures or to compare the percent total NeuN-immunostained cells between controls (n = 18) and BDNF-treated (n = 18). Statistical analysis was performed using Statview (SAS, Inc. Cary, NC).