Eleven patients (N = 11; 8 males and 3 females) with a mean age of 48.12 years (sd = 8.54) were included in the study. The mean score on the NRS (numeric rating scale) for the desire of alcohol was 8.32 (sd = 1.87) and the mean Audit (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification test) score was 36.21 (sd = 5.89). An Audit (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification test) score of 20 or above clinically warrants further diagnostic evaluation for alcohol dependence. All patients were first screened by a psychiatric consultation. Following that an EEG was performed, as well as an fMRI using images of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages as cues. All patients reported that they had undergone multiple treatments with only temporary success, due to major craving and an obsessive-compulsive focus on alcohol, presented with a relapsing clinical picture. All patients were resistant to acamprosate and naltrexone. Patients reported that during relapses they engaged in binge drinking associated with aggression with amnesia, mood and sleep problems followed by withdrawal symptoms upon arresting alcohol intake. Behavioral treatment in outpatient individualized sessions, group sessions,
