(Padula et al., 2015). The same pattern of findings was found in response to happy faces in the left caudate, right middle frontal gyrus, left paracentral lobule, and right lingual gyrus (Padula et al., 2015). Most recently, Sawyer and colleagues (2019) found that alcoholic men had lower activation compared to non-alcoholic men in frontal brain areas in response to all emotional stimuli, whereas alcoholic women had greater activation than non-alcoholic women in superior frontal cortex and supramarginal gyrus in response to happy and aversive stimuli, respectively (Sawyer et al., 2019). Further, in response to uncertain and predictable threat, individuals with AUD had greater right insula and dorsal ACC activation compared to healthy controls but a significant effect of SG on functional activation was absent (Gorka, Kreutzer, Petrey, Radoman, & Phan, 2019). Nonetheless, findings suggest alterations in the functional processing of emotional stimuli in both women and men with AUD.
