the results from simulations with functional annotation enrichment described above, we assessed the capacity of the proposed utility function in selecting the number of SNPs for follow-up under various values for the ratio (Figure 4). For example, at a ratio (the benefit of finding a causal outweighs 10 times the cost of testing 1 SNP), the utility is maximized by selecting approximately 3.5 SNPs per locus for validation resulting in 72.6% of causal variants successfully identified (see Figure S3).