and mediates the fatty acid utilization [32]. Additionally, the constitutive expression of PPARβ/δ in the gastrointestinal tract is very high compared with other tissues. It plays physiological roles in the homeostatic regulation of intestinal cell proliferation/differentiation and the modulation of inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer [33]. Ciani et al (2007) constructed PPAR-luciferase transgenic mice with C57BI/6 genetic background and showed that maximal luciferase activity was detected in the brain and gastrointestinal tract [28]. In this study, we found that PPAR-driven luminescent intensity was strong in the brain and stomach, which was in agreement with previous study. Therefore, these findings suggested that bioluminescent imaging of PPAR transgenic mice was capable of reflecting the real-time PPAR activity in living animals.
