to evaluate the robustness of these findings across other regions.7Age considerations. These studies were all evaluated with adolescents (defined as ages 19 and under). Therefore, caution is warranted in extrapolating results to older age groups (emerging adults, adults). Because the reviewed studies did not include adult comparison groups, we have no information about whether the results would be significantly different in the human adult brain. In other words, while animal studies suggest that alcohol has greater effects on the adolescent versus adult brain (Spear, 2014), the reviewed studies do not allow us to draw a conclusion about how the effects compare developmentally.8Relatively light levels of alcohol use. In contrast to patterns observed in adults with AUDs (e.g., Monnig et al., 2013), despite meeting criteria for binge drinking and/or AUDs, the quantity and frequency of alcohol use for approximately half of the AU samples in this systematic review were fairly modest (e.g., 1–2 binge drinking episodes in the past 3 months and/or <25 total drinks per month, e.g., Jacobus et al., 2009; Lisdahl et al., 2013b; Luciana et al., 2013; McQueeny et al., 2009; Norman et al., 2011; Schweinsburg et al., 2010; Squeglia et al., 2012b; Thayer et al., 2013; Wetherill,
