For the drinking index and alcohol abuse and dependence symptom count outcomes, estimation by best-fitting models generally reflects that, as expected, the magnitude of the protective effect afforded by ALDH2*2 against alcohol had a negative relationship to the level of the parental combined alcohol problem index (table 5). The same pattern is shown in estimates by the best-fitting model for the moderation of ALDH2 effect upon the drinking index outcome by the elder sibling combined alcohol problem index, and also upon alcohol abuse or dependence by peer deviance (table S3).