(Supplementary Note 6, Extended Data Fig. 10 and Supplementary Fig. 25). Our results are consistent with findings from a previous study45, which showed across 492 traits a strong colocalization between common and rare coding variants associated with the same trait. Nevertheless, our conclusions remain limited by the relatively low performances of imputation in this MAF regime46,47. Therefore, large samples with whole-genome sequences will be required to robustly address this question. Such datasets are increasingly becoming available48–50. Separately, previous studies have reported a significant enrichment of height heritability near genes as compared to inter-genic regions (that is, >50 kb away from the start or stop genomic position of genes)51. Our findings are consistent with but not reducible to that observation, given that up to 31% of GWS SNPs identified in this study lie more than 50 kb away from any gene.
