Podus, Finney, Greenwell, & Roll, 2006), while CBT tends to have more modest effects initially but is comparatively durable, there have been several investigations evaluating various combinations of CBT and CM. Results have largely indicated that CM is associated with better outcomes during the treatment period, but the combination of CM+CBT may produce greater rates of abstinence during the follow-up period (e.g., Budney, Moore, Rocha, & Higgins, 2006; Epstein, Hawkins, Covi, Umbricht, & Preston, 2003; Kadden, Litt, Kabela-Cormier, & Petry, 2007; Petitjean et al., 2014).
