Chunk #29 — Discussion and concluding remarks — Role of mu signaling in drug reward

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15 years of genetic approaches in vivo for addiction research: Opioid receptor and peptide gene knockout in mouse models of drug abuse.

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Mu receptor is essential for rewarding effects of opiates as well as non-opiate drugs (cannabinoids, psychostimulants and alcohol). Both pEnk and βend (Roth-Deri et al., 2008) are involved in rewarding effects of non-opioid drugs of abuse, with a demonstrated implication of βend for cocaine and alcohol, whereas nicotine or cannabinoid reward has been little explored so far for the two peptides.