an important role in SUD transitions similarly for both men and women, with the exception of AUD. Men with two or more stressful life events were 2.5 times more likely to have a new AUD compared to men with zero or one event, whereas women with two or more stressful life events were 4 times more likely to have a new onset AUD compared to women with zero or one event. While life event stress is strongly associated with the transition from absent to new AUD diagnoses in both men and women, the association is particularly robust in women. Given that rates of AUDs have increased in women in the past decade,26 it is especially important to consider the role of stress in substance use in this population.
