It seems clear that, in the real world, psychological, physical, emotional, and cognitive factors are related to smoking in a more complex manner than previous experimentation in laboratories has revealed. EMA methodology helps capture this complexity because multiple measurements can be taken in the moment, without the confound of time passing between behavior and conventional self-reports. As EMA technology becomes more sophisticated, further EMA studies could fruitfully investigate more complex questions and test the common assumptions regarding smoking and the factors that maintain it.
