at age 17, they completed Cloninger’s Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire—Short Form (TPQ; Heath, Cloninger, & Martin, 1994), which also provides a measure of novelty seeking based on 18 items. Two example items for the novelty-seeking scale of the TPQ are “I often try new things just for fun or thrills, even if most people think it is a waste of time,” and “I hate to make decisions based only on my first impressions” (reversed; Cloninger, 1987). As with the J-TCI, psychometric studies have shown the TPQ novelty-seeking scale to have good internal consistency (ranging from .62 to .82) and test–retest reliability (ranging from .65 to .80; Kuo, Chih, Soong, Yang, & Chen, 2004; Otter, Huber, & Bonner, 1995; Sher, Wood, Crews, & Vandiver, 1995).
