Subjects arrived in the Kurihama Alcoholism Center laboratory at 9:00 AM, having been instructed to abstain from alcohol for at least 36 hours and from food for at least 12 hours. Abstinence was verified by BrAC measurement. After measuring height, weight, body temperature, and blood pressure, subjects ate a 350-kilocalorie breakfast that was composed of cornflakes and milk. An indwelling catheter was inserted into a vein in the antecubital fossa of each arm, the dominant arm for the infusion and the nondominant arm for blood sampling.