such as fluctuating asymmetry and low intelligence (Gangestad & Yeo, 2006; Keller & Miller, 2006; Prokosch, Yeo, & Miller, 2005) would be expected to show a curvilinear (U-shaped) relationship with the scales. The offspring of relatives, being homozygous at more genetic loci and more likely to express the full effects of harmful recessive mutations, would be expected to have more extreme Cloninger scale scores (i.e. inbreeding depression should be associated with increased scale variance). Future research should test these predictions, and the research should include animal studies, especially given that Cloninger’s scales were developed in part using mouse models.
