causal variants directly. However, assuming that LD between the causal variants and genotyped SNPs is as strong as between the genotyped SNPs (that is, adjustment for prediction error of causal variants that have the same allelic frequency spectrum as genotyped SNPs), we corrected the estimate of variance explained by all the SNPs that were in common between all study cohorts (162 056 SNPs) for incomplete LD with causal variants. The adjusted point estimates were considerably higher for both neuroticism (7 versus 5%) and extraversion (13 versus 9%) suggesting that with a denser SNP set more variance could be explained (see also Figure 1 and Supplementary Information Table S2).
