Individuals were genotyped at over 650,000 SNPs on one of four race/ethnicity-specific Affymetrix Axiom arrays optimized for individuals of European (EUR), Latino (LAT), East Asian (EAS), and African American (AFR) race/ethnicity40,41. We analyzed 80,792 non-Hispanic whites, 8,231 Latinos/other, 7,243 East Asians, 3,058 African Americans, and 461 South Asians (genotyped on the EUR array). The Kaiser Foundation Research Institute and University of California San Francisco Institutional Review Boards approved this project. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.