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Chunk #12 — Subjects and methods — Reference haplotype panels

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Imputation across genotyping arrays for genome-wide association studies: assessment of bias and a correction strategy.
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For genotype imputation in European Americans, we used the CEU reference haplotype panel from merged HapMap phase II + III data. For African Americans, we created a reference haplotype panel by combining HapMap phase II and III data from YRI, CEU, and ASW subjects. We previously found this specific reference panel to achieve optimal imputation quality and accuracy, compared to other combined panels from HapMap (unpublished data).