Chunk #38 — Suggested Criteria for the Assessment of Tobacco Dependence — Rationale for Included Criteria — Criteria 3 & 4: Time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking, and usual number of cigarettes consumed per day (cpd)
There is even less evidence supporting the inclusion of the other DSM-IV criteria: Desire to, or difficulty in, cutting down or controlling use; continued use despite harm; tolerance or diminished effect with continued use; use for withdrawal relief; and use of tobacco in larger amounts than intended (see Table 1). Such criteria have not been meaningfully related to core outcomes [26, 28, 35], and some are double barreled or require difficult judgments (cf. [110]).
