within 5 mg/dl of the target concentration. After 165 minutes of clamping, the infusion was stopped, the catheter was removed, and the subject was provided with lunch. The BrAC was tracked at 15-minute intervals until it fell below 20 mg/dl when the subject was dismissed from the laboratory. The duration of a typical study session was 5 hours. The whole BrAC clamping paradigm is shown in Fig. 1.