0.3 was calculated from the average r2 in each MAF category by finding the MAF that crosses r2 = 0.3 using linear interpolation. The average number of rare variants (MAF < 0.5%) and the fraction of imputable rare variants (r2 > 0.3) were calculated based on the number of non-reference alleles in imputed samples above and below the minimum MAF, assuming Hardy–-Weinberg equilibrium.