frequency difference relative to EUR was observed for rs2463169 (height-increasing G allele frequency: 23% in AFR versus 84% in EUR) within the intron of PAWR, which encodes the prostate apoptosis response-4 protein. Of note, rs2463169 is located within the 12q21.2 locus, where a strong signal of positive selection in West African Yoruba populations was previously reported15. The estimated effect at rs2463169 is β ≈ 0.034 s.d. per G allele in AFR versus β ≈ −0.002 s.d. per G allele in EUR, and the P value of marginal association in EUR is PEUR = 0.08, suggesting either a true difference in effect size or nearby causal variant(s) with differing LD to rs2463169.
