UV analysis results in one p-value per trait. We adjusted the significance thresholds for three UV association tests, ensuring that alpha was fixed at 5% for all traits combined. For each null model, we first determined which trait was most strongly associated with the QTL per replicate, i.e. which trait resulted in the smallest p-value. These 10,000 p-values were sorted in ascending order and the mean of the 500th and 501st p-value was set as the threshold.