surface. In the absence of prior evidence regarding the spatial extent of genotype effects on cortical maturation, a 30mm-bandwidth blurring kernel was applied over the 2D manifold, based on the findings of an earlier statistical power analysis that identified the optimal kernel size for maximize statistical power and spatial resolution, while minimizing false positives (Lerch and Evans, 2005). Surface representations for individual scans were then aligned using a 2D surface-based registration algorithm to maximize vertex-correspondence across individuals with respect to cortical folding patterns (Lyttelton et al., 2007).